The blower motor resistor provides multiple resistance levels or speed settings for the blower motor. These settings typically include high, medium-high, medium, and low speeds. To achieve different fan speeds, the blower motor resistor restricts the voltage supplied to the blower motor. This is done by using a series of resistors or electrical pathways that reduce the electrical current flowing to the motor. When you adjust the fan speed on your HVAC control panel, it sends a signal to the blower motor resistor, which then adjusts the resistance and voltage supplied to the blower motor accordingly. This controls the fan speed and, subsequently, the volume of air entering the vehicle's cabin.
If you observe any of the following signs, it may indicate a bad blower motor resistor in your vehicle: